In connection with the excavation of an early Iran Age settlement on the Neuenhagener Oderinsel (Niederes Oderbruch), a hIgh-resolution pollen diagram has been created wich covers the Late Neolthic through the Medieval periods. The diagram shows clearly, in addition to partly natural change in the development of the forest, the influence of man on the vegetation. Three prehistoric settlement phases can be recognised (Late Neolithic, Late Bronze Age/pre-Roman Iron Age, Roman Iran Age), for which pollen-analytic evidence provides proof of farming and stock breeding.